Explosive.



UN ED STATES SPAR -n. or :XYILMLNG-TQN, mama Assrdhoaramusedt. T'DU Pom" DE NEMOURS POWDER oo-MPAM, or DELAWARE, A con-roaxrron or ew QFERSEYF. i

' Specifications)? Todll whom it maj concern.

Be it known that I, FIN SPARRE, a subjeet of the King of Sweden and Norway, resid= ing at Wilmington, county of Newcastlef' aiiil' State of Delaware, haveli'nventeda new and .T

useful Im rovement in Explosives, of whichj.

-the followmgis a full, clear, and exact descrip=r tion, reference being had to the accompany- IIO fidiition; My invention relates to explosives.

The ob ect'of the invention is to produce drawings, which form apart of this specian explosive that in certain situations will be an effective substitute for and improvement on certain other explosives heretofore known.

Among these explosives may be mentioned dynamite, which in its usual form consistsofnitro iycerin and an active base comprising usually nitrate of sodium or othernitrate and wood-pulp or sawdust, such bodies as resin.

or sulfur" being also common. Among the practical objections to dynamite may be I 7 mentioned its roperty of freezing at a com- The objection to this explosive is that it is too difficult to detonate for practical use.

Another explosive, an improvement on the last named, is set forth in my application filed March 17, 1905, Serial No. 250,568, this explosive consisting of an oxygen-carrier, such as nitrate ofammonium, a metallic'ingred-i'ent, such as aluminium and ferrosilicon, nitrocellulose, and kerosene or other equivalent Iliquid hydrocarbon. While this explo- ;sive- }ossesses decided advantages, being fume'leiss, non-freezing, safe to manufacture and-use, easy ofmanufacture, and adapted for ujs'e in compressed form, it is comparaexpensive, owing to the relatively high cost of nitrocellulose, and strong compression is necessary'to obtain proper load.

The explosive embodying my present invention consists of nitrate of ammonlum or Letters Patent. I Application filed-May'a lgofi. S erialNmZ5EZflQ- u winM-rue rpm hydrocarbon, and nitroglycerin, therpropor other exygengcarrier,-..ferro's1hoon=.or.- other metallic. mgredlent, kerosenewortother. liquid =.tions of-v the ingredients; ivarying; with the gradev desiredi. 'explosivaminimizes the ob ections to dynamite hereinbeforeijset out,

"as it is necessary ftous'e' onlyinneefoiirth' to one-third ,of the 'percentage fof nitroglycerin used in' dynamite to produce an explosive of I equal strength- For instance, agradel of-i-dy- I namite. containing forty per. -cent';- lof. .n'itrzo.

glycerin corresponds instrength toagrade of my present explosive;;containing but ten per cent; of nitroglycerin, while dynamite-oomtaining seventyffive per-cent; fnitroglyc'erin is not superior to a grade of my present. exf

plosive containingfonly from ;twejnty to twenty-five per cent.f- I

-While' the base employed present.-

explosive ,is somewhat more expensivethan the base. usuallyemployed in dynamite .n1 anufacture, still owing to the cost of'nitroglycerin being severaltimes higher than the price of -the"base my explosive is cheaperthan dynamite, and for high grades vQ -yvliliuch cheaper.. I I.

While my present {explosive is. inferior to that set forthin .my said-application; filed March 17 1905, that it is not fu-mele'ss, is not so safe, and,freezesiataihigheritemperature, it has the advantage of being rela'tiyely cheap and thev advantage. of'notITequiring strong compression to obtain'properload. Be-

sides it contains-less, of ammonium nitrate,

as nitroglycerin contains more oxygen thannitrocellulose.

One preferred composition of-the basethat I use in connection with the nitroglycerin consists of the followin ingredients in the.

proportions specified: nltrate of ammonia, seventy-six per cent; ferros1l1oon,-fifteen per cent.;,kerosene, six per cent. charcoal, three per cent.

'The proportion of ammonium nitrate may vary from sixty-five to eighty-five per cent.

and that of the "ferrosilicon' from "ten to twent per cent. while the proportionof kerosene s ould be less than ten per cent. and may sometimes-be omitted altogether.

One grade of my explosive consists of the following ingredients in the proportions specie fied: nitrate of ammonia, sixty-eight per ,bustion to obtain t e highest strength from er 1H.

cent; ferrosilicon, thirteen per cent., kerosene, five per cent. nitroglycerin, twelve per cent., charcoal, two per cent,

It will be understood that nitrate of ammonium may bepartly replaced by another oxygen-carrier.

A lower grade of my explosive may consist of charcoal, two per cent., nitrate of ammonia, fifty-seven per cent., ferrosilicon, fifteen per cent., kerosene, five per cent. nitrate of sodium, ten per cent., nitroglycerin,. eleven per cent.

The proportion of ammonium nitrate or the oxygen-carrier may vary from fifty to seventy-five per cent., the ferrosilicon'from five to twenty per cent., and the nitro lycerin from five to twenty-five per cent. w 'le the kerosene should constitute less than ten per cent. of the composition and may sometimes be omitted. 1 I

' In the com osition I have also set forth a percentage 0 charcoal. The percentage of charcoal may be replaced by some other carbonaceous .mattersay sawdust. The reason for this addition is that I have foundit adds great strength to the composition. It must be borne in mind that there must be rather too little ox gen for complete comexpgosives containing metals.

aving now fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to protect by Letters Patent, is

1. An explosive composition containing an oxygen-carrier, ferrosllicon and nitroglyc- 2. An explosive composition containing 3 nitrate of ammonia, ferrosilicon and nitroi glycerin. Q

3. An explosive composition containing an oxygen-carrier, a metallic ingredient, a liquid 1 hydrocarbon, and nitroglycerin.

4. An explosive composition containing an oxygen-carrier, ferrosilicon, kerosene and nitroglycerin. i

5. An explosive composition containingl 9. A nitroglycerin explosive composed of nitroglycerin and a base containing of nitrate of ammonia sixty-five to eighty-five per cent., of ferrosilicon ten to'twenty per cent., and of kerosene less than ten per cent.

10. An explosive composition containing of an oxygen-carrier fifty to seventyfive per cent., of a metallic ingredient five to twenty per cent., and of nitroglycerin five to twenty-- five per cent.

11. An explosive composition containing of nitrate of ammonia fifty to seventy-five per cent., of ferrosilicon five to twenty per cent., of nitroglycerin five to twenty-five per cent., and of kerosene less than ten per cent.

12. An explosive composition containing an oxygen-carrier, a metallic ingredient, a liqulid hydrocarbon, nitroglycerin, and charcoa 13. An explosive composition containing nitrate of ammonia, ferrosilicon, kerosene,

nitroglycerin, and charcoal. In testimony of which invention I have hereunto set my hand, at Wilmington, on this 26th day of April, 1905. r FIN sPARREQ Q- Witnesses:

CHARLES G. GUYER, S. E. BECKER. 

